Pakistan outpaces India in strategic superiority, rapid and accurate execution and effective training
PAF vs IAF: Assessing Strength, Tech Edge, and Tactical Advantage. On April 22, 2025, at least 28 people were killed and over 20 injured in an attack in the tourist town of Pahalgam in Indian-occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK). The dead included personnel from the Indian Navy, intelligence agencies and civilian tourists. A group called The Resistance Front (TRF) claimed responsibility, saying the attack was part of their resistance against the settlement of outsiders — a move they see as part of demographic change following the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019.
The incident has once again drawn global attention to the military balance between the two nuclear-armed neighbours in South Asia, especially their air forces. Both Pakistan and India have long been locked in a race for supremacy on land, sea and in the air.
Thunder in the Skies
The backbone of the Pakistan Air Force is the JF-17 Thunder, the latest version of which is the JF-17 Block III. These jets are equipped with AESA radar, advanced beyond visual range (BVR) missiles, and state-of-the-art digital avionics. Pakistan also operates the Chinese J-10C, a highly capable 4.5+ generation multi-role fighter, along with American F-16s—jets known for their air dominance, especially in dogfighting scenarios.
On the other hand, the Indian Air Force flies French-made Rafale jets, which are equipped with Meteor BVR missiles, SCALP cruise missiles, and state-of-the-art electronic warfare systems. India also has a significant number of Su-30MKI jets, and the indigenously developed Tejas light combat aircraft (LCA) is being gradually inducted. However, the Tejas still does not appear to be fully operationally ready to compete with the world’s major air forces.
Numbers Game
India has over 600 fighter jets, while Pakistan has around 350. However, when it comes to operational efficiency and decision-making agility, Pakistan has the edge with cheaper, well-integrated platforms like the JF-17. This balance between quality and quantity is key in modern warfare.
The PAF’s strategic doctrine, training standards, and professional conduct allow it to punch above its weight. The Balakot incident is a significant one — Pakistan shot down an Indian MiG-21 and captured Wing Commander Abhinandan, sending a clear message to the world: it’s not just about how many jets you have, but how you use them.
Beyond Hardware
India has the advantage of technological diversity, large numbers, and a large defense budget. But integrating its diverse systems is a serious challenge. In contrast, Pakistan—despite its limited resources—benefits from integrated planning, interoperable technologies, and a responsive command structure, which allows for rapid action in crisis situations.
Modern air combat is no longer just about manpower or jet numbers. It is about strategic superiority, rapid and accurate execution, and effective training. And in these critical aspects, Pakistan outperforms India.
